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Orthopedic Physical Examination Special Tests

There are many physical tests,  or ‘special tests’,  that are used by clinicians in physical therapy, and orthopedics / orthopaedics in general, during a physical examination. These tests are used to rule in or out specific musculoskeletal problems. They help in the differential diagnosis of orthopedic conditions and injuries. There are many such clinical orthopedic tests […]

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Shockwave Therapy (ESWT)

Shockwave therapy is a modality that is becoming more common in the field of physical therapy, as well as other health care fields. Shockwave therapy, or extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT), is used in the treatment of many musculoskeletal conditions, primarily those involving connective tissues such as ligaments and tendons. One of the most common

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Jobe Relocation Test

The Jobe Test (aka The Jobe Relocation Test, JRT or the Relocation Test) is commonly used in orthopedic examination of the shoulder when testing for anterior shoulder instability. It is commonly coupled with the Apprehension Test. Involved Structures Starting Position The test is best performed with the patient lying supine on the examination table. The

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Common Elbow Tests in Orthopedic Examination

The following is a list of the many common tests used by physical therapists / physiotherapists and other orthopedic/orthopaedic practitioners when examining the elbow. The tests will eventually have links to descriptions of the tests as well as video demonstrations.  Before learning about the examination of the elbow it is useful to review basic elbow anatomy and basic

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Roos Test

Roos Test is a common test included in the examination of the shoulder, specifically for the presence of Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS). The test is very easy to carry out. It is also known as the EAST (Elevated Arm Stress Test) Test or the Hands Up Test. Other tests for Thoracic Outlet Syndrome include: Involved

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Apprehension Test

The Apprehension Test (aka The Anterior Apprehension Test) is commonly used in orthopedic examination of the shoulder when testing for anterior shoulder instability. It is commonly coupled with the Relocation Test (aka Jobe Relocation Test). Involved Structures Starting Position The test is best performed with the patient lying supine on the examination table. The arm

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Allen Test for TOS

Allen Test (or Allen’s Test or Allen Maneuver or Write Test) is a common test done during the examination of the shoulder for the presence of Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS). The test is easy to carry out. Additional tests for thoracic outlet syndrome include: Roos Test Adson’s Test / Adson’s Maneuver Involved Structures Subclavian artery

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Paradigm Shifts: Use of Ice & NSAIDs Post Acute Soft Tissue Injuries (Part 2 of 2)

[ READ PART 1 ] Questioning the use of NSAIDs Given Inflammation is a Perfectly Healthy Response Following Acute Musculoskeletal Injuries Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are often prescribed in the treatment of musculoskeletal injuries and are one of the most commonly used medications worldwide. It is estimated that more than 30 million people take NSAIDs daily for a variety of

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