Search Results for: shoulder

The Painful Arc Test is commonly used in orthopedic examination of the shoulder to test for impingement of the supraspinatus tendon and/or the subacromial bursa underneath the acromion. Involved Structures Starting Position This test is performed with the patient in sitting or standing. The patient’s arm is in neutral rotation. Test Movement In this position, the patient

The Hyperextension-Internal Rotation (HERI) Test is an orthopedic examination technique used to assess anterior glenohumeral instability. It evaluates the integrity of the anterior capsular structures — primarily the inferior glenohumeral ligament (IGHL) — by placing the shoulder in a position that stresses the anterior restraints and measuring the resulting range of motion asymmetry between sides.

Gerber’s Lift-Off Test is an orthopedic examination technique used to assess the integrity of the subscapularis muscle and tendon. It is the most widely used clinical test for identifying subscapularis tears and was first described by Swiss orthopedic surgeon Christian Gerber in 1991. The test requires the patient to actively lift the dorsum of their

The Crank Test is commonly used in orthopedic examinations to test for integrity of the glenoid labrum; it tests for a labral tear. This test is quite similar in many ways to the McMurray Test for meniscal damage in the knee. Involved Structures Starting Position This test is usually performed with the patient in sitting

Also known as Active compression test, O’Brien’s active compression test Structures tested Glenoid labrum (SLAP lesion); acromioclavicular (AC) joint Patient position Standing or seated, arm at 90° flexion, 10° adduction, full internal rotation Positive sign Pain or click in internal rotation that diminishes or disappears in external rotation Sensitivity (SLAP) ~47–67% (varies by study) Specificity

The Drop Arm Test is a test for rotator cuff tears, specifically of the supraspinatus tendon. Involved Structures Starting Position This test can be performed with the patient in standing or sitting. The examiner supports the patient’s arm to be tested and abducts it to 90 degrees. Alternatively, the examiner may abduct the arm to

Yergason’s Test, a common test in orthopedic examination of the shoulder, is commonly used to determine pathology in the biceps tendon. Involved Structures Starting Position The test is usually easier in sitting or standing. On the side to be tested the one of the examiner’s hands palpates the bicipital groove. The arm to be tested

The Sulcus Sign is a commonly used orthopedic examination test for inferior instability of the shoulder/glenohumeral joint. Please leave your comments or questions. Involved Structures Starting Position The test is usually easier with the subject in a sitting position with the arm to be tested relaxed. On the side to be tested the one of